Taken Vs Taking: What Is the Difference & Which Is Correct?

Many English learners get confused between taken vs taking because both come from the verb take, but they are used in different grammatical forms. Understanding when to use each word correctly will improve your speaking and writing, help you avoid common mistakes, and make your English sound more natural and accurate.

Taken Vs Taking: Comparison Overview

Taken vs taking are different forms of the verb take.

• Taken is the past participle of take.
• Taking is the present participle and gerund form of take.

Although they come from the same base verb, they serve different purposes in English grammar. Knowing the difference helps you build correct sentences in both spoken and written English.

Feature	Taken	Taking
Verb Form	Past participle	Present participle/Gerund
Tense Usage	Perfect and passive forms	Continuous tenses
Can Act as a Noun	No	Yes (Gerund)
Shows	Completed action	Ongoing action
Example	I have taken the book.	I am taking the book.

Taken Vs Taking: Definition of Taken

Taken is the past participle of the verb take. It describes an action that has already been completed or is used in the passive voice and perfect tenses.

Meaning

It refers to something that has already been received, removed, accepted, chosen, or carried.

Examples

• She has taken the exam.
• The picture was taken yesterday.
• They had taken all the seats.
• My advice was taken seriously.
• He has taken responsibility.

Taken Vs Taking: Definition of Taking

Taking is the present participle and gerund form of take. It describes an action that is happening now or acts as a noun referring to the act of taking.

Meaning

It refers to an action that is currently in progress or the activity itself.

Examples

• I am taking notes.
• She is taking medicine.
• They are taking a break.
• Taking pictureMain Differences Between Taken vs Taking

Aspect	Taken	Taking
Form	Past participle	Present participle/Gerund
Time	Completed action	Ongoing action
Used With	Has, have, had, was, were, been	Am, is, are, was, were
Passive Voice	Yes	No
Continuous Tense	No	Yes
Can Be a Noun	No	Yes

Key Difference

• Taken focuses on a completed action.
• Taking focuses on an action currently happening or the activity itself.

Taken Vs Taking: Verb Forms of “Take”

Understanding all forms of the verb makes it easier to choose the correct word.

Base Form	Past Simple	Past Participle	Present Participle
Take	Took	Taken	Taking

Examples

• I take the bus every day.
• I took the bus yesterday.
• I have taken the bus many times.
• I am taking the bus today.

Taken Vs Taking: Comparison Table

Situation	Correct Word
Present continuous	Taking
Present perfect	Taken
Past perfect	Taken
Passive voice	Taken
Gerund	Taking
Ongoing action	Taking
Completed action	Taken

Taken Vs Taking: Grammar Guide

How Each Term Is Used in Sentences

Taken

Sentence pattern:

Subject + has/have/had + taken + object

Examples:

• I have taken the test.
• She had taken the keys.
• The photo was taken last week.

Taking

Sentence pattern:

Subject + am/is/are + taking + object

Examples:

• I am taking English lessons.
• She is taking a vacation.
• They are taking notes.

As a gerund:

• Taking exercise improves health.
• Taking risks can lead to success.

Common Mistakes Learners Make

• ❌ I have taken the book.
• ✅ I have taken the book.
• ❌ She has taken notes.
• ✅ She is taking notes.
• ❌ They have taking pictures.
• ✅ They have taken pictures.
• ❌ He was taken a shower.
• ✅ He was taking a shower.
• ❌ Taking was completed.
• ✅ The task was taken seriously.

Simple Rules to Remember

• Use taken after has, have, had.
• Use taken in the passive voice.
• Use taking after am, is, are, was, were.
• Use taking when an action is happening now.
• Use taking as a noun when describing an activity.

Quick Tips for Writing and Speaking

• Ask yourself whether the action is finished or still happening.
• If you see have/has/had, use taken.
• If you see am/is/are, use taking.
• Practice with everyday examples.
• Remember that taking can also function as a noun.

Taken Vs Taking: When to Use Each One

Use “Taken” When

• Talking about completed actions.
• Using perfect tenses.
• Writing passive sentences.
• Describing something already received.
• Explaining finished events.

Use “Taking” When

• Talking about ongoing actions.
• Using continuous tenses.
• Referring to an activity.
• Describing current actions.
• Using a gerund as a noun.

Taken Vs Taking: When NOT to Use Each One

Don’t Use “Taken”

• After am, is, are for ongoing actions.
• To describe actions happening now.
• As a gerund.
• Without helping verbs in perfect tenses.
• Instead of taking in continuous tenses.

Don’t Use “Taking”

• After has, have, had.
• In passive voice.
• To describe completed actions.
• Instead of taken in perfect tenses.
• When talking about finished events.

Taken Vs Taking: Which One to Use (Decision Guide)

Choose taken if:

• The action is complete.
• You are using perfect tenses.
• The sentence is passive.
• You use has, have, or had.

Choose taking if:

• The action is happening now.
• You use am, is, are, was, or were.
• The word acts as a noun.
• You describe an ongoing activity.

Taken Vs Taking: Real-World Practical Examples

Taken Examples

1. The students have taken the final exam.
2. The medicine has been taken on time.
3. Our company has taken a new direction.
4. The satellite images were taken from space.
5. The editor has taken my suggestions seriously.

Taking Examples

1. The students are taking the final exam.
2. She is taking her medicine every morning.
3. We are taking part in the meeting.
4. Scientists are taking measurements.
5. He is taking online writing classes.

Taken Vs Taking: Self-Assessment (Fill in the Blanks)

1. I have ______ the correct bus home.
2. She is ______ notes during class.
3. The photo was ______ yesterday.
4. We are ______ an English course.
5. They have ______ their seats.
6. He is ______ a break.
7. The medicine has been ______ already.
8. She is ______ care of her pet.
9. The documents were ______ by the manager.
10. I am ______ my lunch now.
11. We have ______ responsibility.
12. They are ______ part in the competition.
13. The package was ______ this morning.
14. She has ______ the opportunity.
15. He is ______ pictures at the park.
16. I have ______ your advice.
17. They were ______ measurements.
18. The exam has been ______ by all students.
19. She is ______ driving lessons.
20. We have ______ enough time.

Answers

1. Taken
2. Taking
3. Taken
4. Taking
5. Taken
6. Taking
7. Taken
8. Taking
9. Taken
10. Taking
11. Taken
12. Taking
13. Taken
14. Taken
15. Taking
16. Taken
17. Taking
18. Taken
19. Taking
20. Taken

Taken Vs Taking: Final Verdict

Both taken vs taking are correct, but they are used in different grammatical situations. Taken is the past participle used in perfect tenses and passive voice to describe completed actions. Taking is the present participle and gerund used for continuous tenses and ongoing activities. If the action is finished, choose taken. If the action is happening now or refers to an activity, choose taking. Learning this simple distinction will help you write and speak English with greater confidence and accuracy.

Conclusion 

Understanding the difference between Taken Vs Taking becomes much easier once you know the role each word plays in English grammar. While both come from the verb take, taken is the past participle used in perfect tenses and passive voice, whereas taking is the present participle and gerund used for continuous actions or activities. Choosing the correct form helps you write more clearly, speak with confidence, and avoid common grammatical mistakes.

Whether you’re a student, professional, teacher, or English learner, mastering this simple distinction can improve both everyday conversations and formal writing. The best way to remember the difference is to focus on whether the action is completed or still happening. With regular practice and real-life examples, you’ll quickly know when to use taken and when taking is the better choice. Keep this guide handy whenever you need a quick grammar refresher.

FAQs

What is the main difference between taken vs taking?

The main difference is that taken is the past participle of the verb take, while taking is the present participle and gerund. Taken usually describes a completed action, whereas taking refers to an action that is happening now or an activity in general.

Is taken a verb or an adjective?

Taken is primarily the past participle form of the verb take. However, it can also function as an adjective in certain contexts, such as saying someone is “taken” to mean they are already in a relationship or unavailable.

Is taking a verb or a noun?

Taking can function as both. It is a verb when used in continuous tenses, such as “She is taking notes.” It also acts as a noun (gerund), as in “Taking regular breaks improves productivity.”

Can I use taken without has, have, or had?

Usually, taken is used with helping verbs like has, have, or had in perfect tenses. It is also commonly used in passive voice, such as “The picture was taken yesterday.”

When should I use taking instead of taken?

Use taking when describing an action that is currently happening or when referring to the act of doing something. It is commonly used after helping verbs like am, is, are, was, and were.

Why do learners confuse taken vs taking?

Many learners confuse them because both words come from the same base verb, take. The confusion usually happens when choosing between completed actions and ongoing actions or when forming different verb tenses.

Is “I have taking” grammatically correct?

No, I have taking is incorrect. After have, you should use the past participle, so the correct sentence is I have taken. This follows the rules of the present perfect tense.

Can taking be used in continuous tenses?

Yes. Taking is the correct form for continuous tenses. Examples include “I am taking a course,” “She was taking a walk,” and “They are taking part in the event.”

Is taken used in the passive voice?

Yes. Taken is commonly used in the passive voice because it is the past participle. For example, “The photograph was taken last summer” and “The decision was taken after careful discussion.”

How can I easily remember the difference between taken vs taking?